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 ___ Neurological Disorders: Anorexia Nervosa ___ |
Anorexia Nervosa - Brain Regions and their Dysfunctions
Anorexia Nervosa"Impaired behavioral response shifting in anorexia nervosa seems to be associated with hypoactivation in the ventral anterior cingulate-striato-thalamic loop that is involved in motivation-related behavior. In contrast, anorexia nervosa patients showed predominant activation of frontoparietal networks that is indicative of effortful and supervisory cognitive control during task performance." S"Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an important role in weight regulation and eating behavior, and poorly balanced diets lead to a decrease in blood BDNF levels. (...) Serum levels of BDNF were significantly reduced in AN. This result suggests that BDNF is no longer functioning appropriately in ED (Eating Disorder) patients, which could be an important factor in the pathophysiological of ED." S |
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| Affected Region | Dysfunctions |
| Precuneus | Changes of rCBF (regional cerebral blood flow) in the precuneus S |
| Medial PFC | Changes of rCBF (regional cerebral blood flow) in the MPFC S |
| Dorsolateral PFC | Changes of rCBF (regional cerebral blood flow) in the right DLPFC S |
| Anterior Cingulate Cortex |
Changes of rCBF (regional cerebral blood flow) in the ACC
S
Region-specific gray matter loss in the ACC is directly related to the severity of anorexia nervosa S |
| Posterior Cingulate Cortex | Changes of rCBF (regional cerebral blood flow) in the PCC S |
| Striatum | Similar responses to positive and negative feedback (instead of a distinction) in the anterior ventral striatum, meaning that individuals who have recovered from anorexia nervosa may have difficulties in differentiating positive and negative feedback S |
| Nucleus Accumbens | "Direct stimulation of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) 4 receptors (5-HT(4)R) in the NAc reduces the physiological drive to eat and increases CART (cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript) mRNA levels in fed and food-deprived mice." S |
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