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 ___ Brain Anatomy: Orbitofrontal Cortex ___ |
Back to Brain Anatomy »Cortex Orbitofrontalis, Orbitofrontal Cortex
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Functions Emotion control, impulse control, (social) adjustment Appraisal of the emotional and motivational values of environmental information, (while integrating the subject's prior experience), which is crucial in decision-making S Operant Conditioning: the use of consequences (reward, punishment) to modify the occurrence and form of behavior S, reaction to punishers - like ostracism - and reinforcers - like food and praise - (evaluation S, monitoring, learning, storage), and the resulting behavior; context-dependent regulation of amygdala-dependent autonomic and behavioral arousal governed by external cues S; craving (nicotine) S; fear extinction (mOFC) S Selection, comparison, and evaluation of stimuli; prediction error signaling (mOFC, S) and the detection of contingency change; important for outcome-guided behavior: error detection, evaluation of expected outcomes, rapid recognition of unexpected outcomes, and the change of behavior that's called for ("reversal learning" S), learning by mistakes and unexpected outcomes S Decision making, expectancies; sensory integration; access to emotional memory S; episodic memory S |
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Sources: left: Wikipedia; right: "Neurology of Cognitive and Behavioral Disorders" |
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* Posterior: emotion recognition; strong connections to the amygdala
and anterior parts of the temporal lobe as well as to the
sensory association cortex
S
Interpretation S and processing of environmental emotional and motivational context information S, e.g. facial expressions S, emotion recognition and empathy S; sympathy/ preference (unknown faces) S * Anterolateral: negative affects and obsessions S Disorders General impairments involving stimulus-reward reversal learning, response inhibition, and ability to judge the appropriateness of one's own behavior in the social context S; Borderline PD S, PTSD, Addiction S, S, Depression S, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder S, (right hemisphere) S, S (dopaminergic hyperfunction), Anxiety Disorders S, Chronic Schizophrenia S, S, (Heterosexual) Pedophilia (hypoactivity) S, S |
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